| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| J I Luebke, J M Weider, R W McCarley, R W Green. Distribution of NADPH-diaphorase positive somata in the brainstem of the monitor lizard Varanus exanthematicus. Neuroscience letters. vol 148. issue 1-2. 1993-05-26. PMID:1300484. |
a three dimensional computer reconstruction of this population revealed that it shows marked similarity to the laterodorsal tegmental/pedunculopontine tegmental cholinergic cell column, an nadph-diaphorase positive population in the mesopontine tegmentum of the mammalian brainstem. |
1993-05-26 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| B J Losier, K Semb. Dual projections of single cholinergic and aminergic brainstem neurons to the thalamus and basal forebrain in the rat. Brain research. vol 604. issue 1-2. 1993-04-26. PMID:7681346. |
dual projections of single cholinergic and aminergic brainstem neurons to the thalamus and basal forebrain in the rat. |
1993-04-26 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| B J Losier, K Semb. Dual projections of single cholinergic and aminergic brainstem neurons to the thalamus and basal forebrain in the rat. Brain research. vol 604. issue 1-2. 1993-04-26. PMID:7681346. |
both thalamus and basal forebrain are known to receive projections from brainstem cholinergic and aminergic neuronal pools that are involved in wake/sleep regulation. |
1993-04-26 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| B J Losier, K Semb. Dual projections of single cholinergic and aminergic brainstem neurons to the thalamus and basal forebrain in the rat. Brain research. vol 604. issue 1-2. 1993-04-26. PMID:7681346. |
of all brainstem neurons with dual projections, cholinergic and serotonergic neurons accounted for an overwhelming majority, with noradrenergic followed by histaminergic neurons representing the remaining minority. |
1993-04-26 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| B J Losier, K Semb. Dual projections of single cholinergic and aminergic brainstem neurons to the thalamus and basal forebrain in the rat. Brain research. vol 604. issue 1-2. 1993-04-26. PMID:7681346. |
these data suggest that through dual projections, cholinergic and aminergic brainstem neurons can concurrently modulate the activity of neurons in the thalamus and basal forebrain during cortical arousal. |
1993-04-26 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| N Mori, Y Tajima, H Sakaguchi, D J Vandenbergh, H Nawa, P M Salvaterr. Partial cloning of the rat choline acetyltransferase gene and in situ localization of its transcripts in the cell body of cholinergic neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. Brain research. Molecular brain research. vol 17. issue 1-2. 1993-03-16. PMID:8381893. |
partial cloning of the rat choline acetyltransferase gene and in situ localization of its transcripts in the cell body of cholinergic neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. |
1993-03-16 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| N Mori, Y Tajima, H Sakaguchi, D J Vandenbergh, H Nawa, P M Salvaterr. Partial cloning of the rat choline acetyltransferase gene and in situ localization of its transcripts in the cell body of cholinergic neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. Brain research. Molecular brain research. vol 17. issue 1-2. 1993-03-16. PMID:8381893. |
in situ hybridization experiments using radioactive and non-radioactive probes revealed that cholinergic motoneurons in the spinal cord, the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus as well as the hypoglossal nucleus in the brain stem were labeled, suggesting that the genomic sequence can be used as a probe to measure the chat mrna levels in those cholinergic neurons. |
1993-03-16 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| J P Merlio, P Ernfors, M Jaber, H Persso. Molecular cloning of rat trkC and distribution of cells expressing messenger RNAs for members of the trk family in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience. vol 51. issue 3. 1993-02-19. PMID:1488112. |
the expression of trk mrna was found to be restricted to neurons of the basal forebrain, caudate-putamen with features of cholinergic cells and to magnocellular neurons of several brainstem nuclei. |
1993-02-19 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| S Heckers, C Geula, M M Mesula. Cholinergic innervation of the human thalamus: dual origin and differential nuclear distribution. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 325. issue 1. 1993-02-18. PMID:1282919. |
immunoreactivity for ngfr was observed in cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain but not in cholinergic neurons of the upper brainstem. |
1993-02-18 |
2023-08-11 |
human |
| S Heckers, C Geula, M M Mesula. Cholinergic innervation of the human thalamus: dual origin and differential nuclear distribution. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 325. issue 1. 1993-02-18. PMID:1282919. |
while the vast majority of thalamic cholinergic input seems to come from the upper brainstem, the intralaminar and reticular nuclei, and especially medially situated patches within the mediodorsal nucleus also appear to receive substantial cholinergic innervation from the basal forebrain. |
1993-02-18 |
2023-08-11 |
human |
| A Kamondi, J A Williams, B Hutcheon, P B Reine. Membrane properties of mesopontine cholinergic neurons studied with the whole-cell patch-clamp technique: implications for behavioral state control. Journal of neurophysiology. vol 68. issue 4. 1992-12-17. PMID:1359028. |
delineation of the intrinsic membrane properties of identified mesopontine cholinergic neurons, in concert with recent results regarding the responses of these neurons to neurotransmitter agents, has led us to present a unifying and mechanistic hypothesis of brain stem cholinergic function in the control of behavioral states. |
1992-12-17 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| H Izumi, K Karit. Somatosensory stimulation causes autonomic vasodilatation in cat lip. The Journal of physiology. vol 450. 1992-12-02. PMID:1359122. |
these results suggest that there is a somato-autonomic reflex vasodilator system mediated via final neurons that are not cholinergic, and that the parasympathetic vasodilator fibres emerge from the brain stem with the glossopharyngeal nerve and reach the blood vessels via the otic ganglion and the inferior alveolar nerve in the cat mandibular lip. |
1992-12-02 |
2023-08-11 |
cat |
| H S Goldsmith, J C de la Torr. Axonal regeneration after spinal cord transection and reconstruction. Brain research. vol 589. issue 2. 1992-11-25. PMID:1356594. |
fluoro-gold was found in mesencephalic and brainstem catecholaminergic and cholinergic neurons known to send axons to the spinal cord. |
1992-11-25 |
2023-08-11 |
cat |
| M M Mesulam, D Mash, L Hersh, M Bothwell, C Geul. Cholinergic innervation of the human striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 323. issue 2. 1992-11-03. PMID:1401259. |
the great majority of cholinergic innervation to these latter three structures and to parts of the globus pallidus appeared to come from cholinergic neurons outside the basal forebrain, most of which are probably located in the upper brainstem. |
1992-11-03 |
2023-08-11 |
human |
| O G Nilsson, G Leanza, A Björklun. Acetylcholine release in the hippocampus: regulation by monoaminergic afferents as assessed by in vivo microdialysis. Brain research. vol 584. issue 1-2. 1992-10-07. PMID:1355389. |
the results show that surgical or pharmacological manipulations of the ascending brainstem monoaminergic systems, which innervate wide areas of the forebrain, including the septum and the hippocampal formation, have pronounced effects on septo-hippocampal cholinergic activity. |
1992-10-07 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| Y Kayama, S Ito, Y Koyama, E Jod. Tonic and phasic components of the ascending reticular activating system. Fukushima journal of medical science. vol 37. issue 2. 1992-10-02. PMID:1688085. |
we propose that the reticular activating system is not a single system, but is composed of two systems arising from the brainstem: the noradrenergic projection conveying a rather tonic control, and the cholinergic projection responsible for the phasic aspects of the activating system. |
1992-10-02 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| M Ikeda, T Houtani, T Ueyama, T Sugimot. Distribution and cerebellar projections of cholinergic and corticotropin-releasing factor-containing neurons in the caudal vestibular nuclear complex and adjacent brainstem structures. Neuroscience. vol 49. issue 3. 1992-09-14. PMID:1380135. |
distribution and cerebellar projections of cholinergic and corticotropin-releasing factor-containing neurons in the caudal vestibular nuclear complex and adjacent brainstem structures. |
1992-09-14 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| M Ikeda, T Houtani, T Ueyama, T Sugimot. Distribution and cerebellar projections of cholinergic and corticotropin-releasing factor-containing neurons in the caudal vestibular nuclear complex and adjacent brainstem structures. Neuroscience. vol 49. issue 3. 1992-09-14. PMID:1380135. |
by using immunohistochemistry combined with lesioning and retrograde neuronal labeling techniques, cholinergic neurons and corticotropin-releasing factor-immunoreactive neurons were examined for their distribution, coincidence and cerebellar projections in feline vestibular nuclear complex and adjacent brainstem structures. |
1992-09-14 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| M Ikeda, T Houtani, T Ueyama, T Sugimot. Distribution and cerebellar projections of cholinergic and corticotropin-releasing factor-containing neurons in the caudal vestibular nuclear complex and adjacent brainstem structures. Neuroscience. vol 49. issue 3. 1992-09-14. PMID:1380135. |
while there were many regions which exhibited both types of immunopositive neurons, perikarya colocalizing the cholinergic and peptide markers were not detected in the brainstem. |
1992-09-14 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| M T Vilaró, K H Wiederhold, J M Palacios, G Mengo. Muscarinic M2 receptor mRNA expression and receptor binding in cholinergic and non-cholinergic cells in the rat brain: a correlative study using in situ hybridization histochemistry and receptor autoradiography. Neuroscience. vol 47. issue 2. 1992-09-03. PMID:1641129. |
cholinergic) cell groups (medial septum-diagonal band complex, nucleus basalis, pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei, nucleus parabigeminalis, several motor nuclei of the brainstem, motoneurons of the spinal cord), also contained m2 mrna, strongly suggesting that at least a fraction of these receptors may be presynaptic autoreceptors. |
1992-09-03 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |