| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| S Oda, M Kuroda, Y C Ger, H Ojima, S Chen, K Kish. An ultrastructural study of p75 neurotrophin receptor-immunoreactive fiber terminals in the reticular thalamic nucleus of young rats. Brain research. vol 801. issue 1-2. 1999-05-12. PMID:9729322. |
the reticular thalamic nucleus (rt) receives cholinergic fibers from both the basal forebrain and the brainstem. |
1999-05-12 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| S Oda, M Kuroda, Y C Ger, H Ojima, S Chen, K Kish. An ultrastructural study of p75 neurotrophin receptor-immunoreactive fiber terminals in the reticular thalamic nucleus of young rats. Brain research. vol 801. issue 1-2. 1999-05-12. PMID:9729322. |
recent studies have shown that the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75ntr) is synthesized in cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain but not in those in the brainstem. |
1999-05-12 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| M Margeta-Mitrovic, I Mitrovic, R C Riley, L Y Jan, A I Basbau. Immunohistochemical localization of GABA(B) receptors in the rat central nervous system. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 405. issue 3. 1999-04-27. PMID:10076927. |
although gaba(b)r1-like immunoreactivity (gaba(b)r1-li) was distributed throughout the cns, several distinct distribution patterns emerged: (1) all monoaminergic brainstem cell groups appeared to contain very high levels of gaba(b)r1, (2) a very high intensity of gaba(b)r1-li was observed in the majority of the cholinergic regions in the cns, with exception of motoneurons of the third through sixth cranial nerve nuclei, and (3) a low density of the receptor was observed in most of the nuclei that contain cell bodies of gabaergic projection neurons. |
1999-04-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| C Mallard, M Tolcos, J Leditschke, P Campbell, S Ree. Reduction in choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity but not muscarinic-m2 receptor immunoreactivity in the brainstem of SIDS infants. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology. vol 58. issue 3. 1999-04-23. PMID:10197817. |
the cholinergic neurotransmitter system is vital for several brainstem functions including cardiorespiratory control and central chemosensitivity. |
1999-04-23 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| C Mallard, M Tolcos, J Leditschke, P Campbell, S Ree. Reduction in choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity but not muscarinic-m2 receptor immunoreactivity in the brainstem of SIDS infants. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology. vol 58. issue 3. 1999-04-23. PMID:10197817. |
this study has examined aspects of the cholinergic neurotransmitter system in the brainstem of sudden infant death syndrome (sids) and control infants. |
1999-04-23 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| K L Plummer, K A Manning, A I Levey, H D Rees, D J Uhlric. Muscarinic receptor subtypes in the lateral geniculate nucleus: a light and electron microscopic analysis. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 404. issue 3. 1999-04-20. PMID:9952356. |
neural activity in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (dlg) is modulated by an ascending cholinergic projection from the brainstem. |
1999-04-20 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| R R Mize, H H Wu, R J Cork, C A Scheine. The role of nitric oxide in development of the patch-cluster system and retinocollicular pathways in the rodent superior colliculus. Progress in brain research. vol 118. 1999-04-07. PMID:9932439. |
the first, the patch-cluster system, consists of clusters of neurons in the intermediate gray layer (igl) which transiently express no during development and which receive input from a cholinergic pathway from the parabrachial brainstem as well as from other pathways containing different transmitters. |
1999-04-07 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| T A Slotkin, T A Epps, M L Stenger, K J Sawyer, F J Seidle. Cholinergic receptors in heart and brainstem of rats exposed to nicotine during development: implications for hypoxia tolerance and perinatal mortality. Brain research. Developmental brain research. vol 113. issue 1-2. 1999-04-07. PMID:10064868. |
cholinergic receptors in heart and brainstem of rats exposed to nicotine during development: implications for hypoxia tolerance and perinatal mortality. |
1999-04-07 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| O Valdenaire, J G Richards, R L Faull, A Schweize. XCE, a new member of the endothelin-converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase family, is preferentially expressed in the CNS. Brain research. Molecular brain research. vol 64. issue 2. 1999-03-12. PMID:9931490. |
in the rat and human cns, a very specific pattern of neuronal labelling (in presumptive cholinergic interneurons of basal ganglia, basal forebrain neurons, as well as brainstem and spinal cord motoneurons) was detected by in situ hybridization histochemistry. |
1999-03-12 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| A E Buttermann, K Reid, M Maz. Are cholinergic pathways involved in the anesthetic response to alpha2 agonists. Toxicology letters. vol 100-101. 1999-02-22. PMID:10049139. |
therefore, alpha2-adrenergic agonists produce their anesthetic effect through mechanisms which do not involve alteration of the activity of the brainstem cholinergic nuclei. |
1999-02-22 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| C Cirelli, S J Fung, R H Liu, O Pompeiano, C D Barne. Cholinergic neurons of the dorsal pontine tegmentum projecting to the cerebellar vermal cortex of the kitten. Archives italiennes de biologie. vol 136. issue 4. 1999-02-12. PMID:9834839. |
experiments were performed in kittens to investigate whether the two major cholinergic groups of the brainstem, the pedunculopontine (ppt) and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei (ldt), contribute to the cholinergic innervation of the cerebellar cortex, in particular the vermal cortex. |
1999-02-12 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| S Singh, P I Johnson, A Javed, T S Gray, V A Lonchyna, R D Wurste. Monoamine- and histamine-synthesizing enzymes and neurotransmitters within neurons of adult human cardiac ganglia. Circulation. vol 99. issue 3. 1999-02-11. PMID:9918529. |
cardiac ganglia were originally thought to contain only cholinergic neurons relaying parasympathetic information from preganglionic brain stem neurons to the heart. |
1999-02-11 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| W Yao, D A Godfre. Vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the rat cochlear nucleus: an immunohistochemical study. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. vol 47. issue 1. 1999-02-09. PMID:9857215. |
we used an anti-vacht antibody from incstar to localize cholinergic terminals in the rat cochlear nucleus (cn), an important brainstem auditory center. |
1999-02-09 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| C Hobohm, W Härtig, K Brauer, G Brückne. Low expression of extracellular matrix components in rat brain stem regions containing modulatory aminergic neurons. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy. vol 15. issue 3. 1999-01-08. PMID:9797071. |
it can be concluded from these results that the absence of pns around aminergic brain stem neurons, also previously shown for cholinergic basal forebrain neurons, appears as a characteristic feature common to cells that exert slow modulatory functions. |
1999-01-08 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| M A Haxhiu, I A Dreshaj, C B McFadden, B O Erokwu, P Ernsberge. I1-imidazoline receptors and cholinergic outflow to the airways. Journal of the autonomic nervous system. vol 71. issue 2-3. 1998-12-11. PMID:9760053. |
given the presence of i1-imidazoline sites and alpha2-adrenergic receptors in brain regions participating in airway reflexes, these receptor classes may be involved in brainstem control of the cholinergic outflow to the airways. |
1998-12-11 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| M A Geye. Behavioral studies of hallucinogenic drugs in animals: implications for schizophrenia research. Pharmacopsychiatry. vol 31 Suppl 2. 1998-12-07. PMID:9754837. |
animal studies have shown that ppi is modulated by multiple interacting neurotransmitters, including dopaminergic, serotonergic, cholinergic, gabaergic, and glutamatergic systems within cortical, limbic, striatal, and brainstem structures. |
1998-12-07 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| M Manford, F Anderman. Complex visual hallucinations. Clinical and neurobiological insights. Brain : a journal of neurology. vol 121 ( Pt 10). 1998-11-20. PMID:9798740. |
(iii) brainstem lesions appear to affect ascending cholinergic and serotonergic pathways, and may also be implicated in parkinson's disease. |
1998-11-20 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| F Y Zhao, E Wolf, A Robert. Longitudinal distribution of components of excitatory synaptic input to motoneurones during swimming in young Xenopus tadpoles: experiments with antagonists. The Journal of physiology. vol 511 ( Pt 3). 1998-11-09. PMID:9714868. |
we propose that the glutamate components of excitation are fundamental to rhythm generation in the brainstem and rostral cord, while the electrotonic and cholinergic components ensure that the central pattern generator activates motoneurones effectively in all parts of the spinal cord. |
1998-11-09 |
2023-08-12 |
xenopus_laevis |
| J COURVILLE, J WALSH, J P CORDEA. Functional organization of the brain stem reticular formation and sensory input. Science (New York, N.Y.). vol 138. issue 3544. 1998-11-01. PMID:14023457. |
these findings are interpreted in terms of the presence, in the reticular formation, of two antagonistic ascending systems: one adrenergic, the other cholinergic, whose tonic activity originates in the mesencephalic tegmentum in one case and in the caudal regions of the brain stem in the other. |
1998-11-01 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| K Dam, F J Seidler, T A Slotki. Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: delayed targeting of DNA synthesis after repeated administration. Brain research. Developmental brain research. vol 108. issue 1-2. 1998-10-21. PMID:9693782. |
at the end of the treatment period, we examined macromolecule synthesis in three brain regions possessing disparate maturational profiles and cholinergic innervation: the brainstem, which undergoes its primary phase of neurogenesis prenatally and develops prominent cholinergic innervation, the forebrain, which develops somewhat later but also becomes cholinergically enriched, and the cerebellum, which undergoes neurogenesis postnatally and remains poor in cholinergic innervation. |
1998-10-21 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |