| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| b' V Martinez, S V Wu, Y Tach\\xc3\\xa. Intracisternal antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor blocked vagal-dependent stimulation of gastric emptying induced by acute cold in rats. Endocrinology. vol 139. issue 9. 1998-09-23. PMID:9724024.' |
these results indicate that trh receptor activation in the brain stem mediates acute cold-induced vagal cholinergic stimulation of gastric transit, and that medullary trh may play a role in the autonomic visceral responses to acute cold. |
1998-09-23 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T M Gill, M Gallaghe. Evaluation of muscarinic M2 receptor sites in basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems of behaviorally characterized young and aged Long-Evans rats. Neurobiology of aging. vol 19. issue 3. 1998-09-16. PMID:9661996. |
evaluation of muscarinic m2 receptor sites in basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems of behaviorally characterized young and aged long-evans rats. |
1998-09-16 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T M Gill, M Gallaghe. Evaluation of muscarinic M2 receptor sites in basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems of behaviorally characterized young and aged Long-Evans rats. Neurobiology of aging. vol 19. issue 3. 1998-09-16. PMID:9661996. |
an in vitro autoradiography study was then conducted for muscarinic m2 sites using [3h]af-dx 384 to assess binding in basal forebrain and brainstem areas where cholinergic neurons are localized. |
1998-09-16 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T M Gill, M Gallaghe. Evaluation of muscarinic M2 receptor sites in basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems of behaviorally characterized young and aged Long-Evans rats. Neurobiology of aging. vol 19. issue 3. 1998-09-16. PMID:9661996. |
the analysis of basal forebrain included the medial septal/diagonal band region that provides cholinergic innervation of the hippocampus; the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus were analyzed in the brainstem. |
1998-09-16 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T M Gill, M Gallaghe. Evaluation of muscarinic M2 receptor sites in basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems of behaviorally characterized young and aged Long-Evans rats. Neurobiology of aging. vol 19. issue 3. 1998-09-16. PMID:9661996. |
although the basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems are each vulnerable in normal aging, contributions to the behavioral effects of aging may be distinctive for the two systems. |
1998-09-16 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Y Koyama, N Imada, Y Kayama, A Kawauchi, H Watanab. How does the distention of urinary bladder cause arousal? Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences. vol 52. issue 2. 1998-09-01. PMID:9628117. |
these results suggest that the transition of state, caused by bladder distention, from deep sleep to light sleep is mediated by noradrenergic and cholinergic neurons in the brainstem. |
1998-09-01 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| S G Matta, Y Fu, J D Valentine, B M Shar. Response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis to nicotine. Psychoneuroendocrinology. vol 23. issue 2. 1998-08-26. PMID:9621392. |
in addition, blockade of nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nachrs) in the brainstem by the antagonist, mecamylamine, resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in norepinephrine (ne) release from terminals in the pvn, and a concomitant reduction in plasma acth. |
1998-08-26 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Y Kayama, Y Koyam. Brainstem neural mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness. European urology. vol 33 Suppl 3. 1998-07-17. PMID:9599730. |
the three diffuse projection systems arising in the brainstem, that is, noradrenergic projection originating in the locus coeruleus, serotonergic projection from the dorsal raphe nucleus, and cholinergic projection from neurons gathering in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and scattering in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, may function as controllers of sleep and wakefulness. |
1998-07-17 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| M K Schäfer, L E Eiden, E Weih. Cholinergic neurons and terminal fields revealed by immunohistochemistry for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter. I. Central nervous system. Neuroscience. vol 84. issue 2. 1998-05-22. PMID:9539209. |
additional novel localizations of putative cholinergic terminals to the subependymal zone surrounding the lateral ventricles, and putative cholinergic cell bodies in the sensory mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, a primary sensory afferent ganglion located in the brainstem, are documented here. |
1998-05-22 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Y Koyama, Y Kayama, K Saka. [Neural mechanisms for sleep regulation]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine. vol 56. issue 2. 1998-05-01. PMID:9503829. |
a population of cholinergic neurons in the brainstem which are most active during paradoxical sleep (ps-on neuron) are inhibited by carbachol and excited by bicuculline, while those of another population, active both during waking and paradoxical sleep, are inhibited by carbachol and excited by noradrenaline and histamine. |
1998-05-01 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| J A Hobson, R Stickgold, E F Pace-Schot. The neuropsychology of REM sleep dreaming. Neuroreport. vol 9. issue 3. 1998-04-29. PMID:9512371. |
the pontine brainstem mechanisms controlling the neuromodulatory balance of the brain in rats and cats include noradrenergic and serotonergic influences which enhance waking and impede rem via anticholinergic mechanisms and cholinergic mechanisms which are essential to rem sleep and only come into full play when the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems are inhibited. |
1998-04-29 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Y Fu, S G Matta, T J James, B M Shar. Nicotine-induced norepinephrine release in the rat amygdala and hippocampus is mediated through brainstem nicotinic cholinergic receptors. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. vol 284. issue 3. 1998-04-09. PMID:9495882. |
nicotine-induced norepinephrine release in the rat amygdala and hippocampus is mediated through brainstem nicotinic cholinergic receptors. |
1998-04-09 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| M G Frank, J Page, H C Helle. The effects of REM sleep-inhibiting drugs in neonatal rats: evidence for a distinction between neonatal active sleep and REM sleep. Brain research. vol 778. issue 1. 1998-03-13. PMID:9462878. |
serotonin and norepinephrine inhibit brainstem cholinergic neurons important in rem sleep generation. |
1998-03-13 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| A B Kosmachev, O A Fil'ko, V B Dolgo-Saburov, V N Filippov, N P Podosinovikova, N E Solov'ev. [The role of adenylate cyclase and phosphoinositide second messenger systems in regulation of acetylcholine secretion in synapses of the cerebral hemispheres and brain stem in rats]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia. vol 60. issue 6. 1998-03-12. PMID:9460586. |
changes in acetylcholine secretion in the cholinergic synapses of the rat cerebral hemispheres and brain stem were studied in in vivo experiments against the background of modulation of the activity of the adenylate cyclase and phosphoinositide secondary messenger systems by injection of caffeine and lithium chloride. |
1998-03-12 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| W Guido, C A Scheiner, R R Mize, K E Krat. Developmental changes in the pattern of NADPH-diaphorase staining in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus. Visual neuroscience. vol 14. issue 6. 1998-03-06. PMID:9447696. |
the source of such labelling has been reported to be cholinergic neurons from the parabrachial region of the brain stem (bickford et al., 1993). |
1998-03-06 |
2023-08-12 |
cat |
| J F Smile. Monoamines and acetylcholine in primate cerebral cortex: what anatomy tells us about function. Revista brasileira de biologia. vol 56 Su 1 Pt 1. 1998-03-04. PMID:9394498. |
in primates, cholinergic and monoaminergic axons that innervate the cerebral cortex originate almost exclusively from subcortical nuclei in the brainstem and basal forebrain. |
1998-03-04 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| K Sugaya, C Clamp, D Bryan, M McKinne. mRNA for the m4 muscarinic receptor subtype is expressed in adult rat brain cholinergic neurons. Brain research. Molecular brain research. vol 50. issue 1-2. 1998-02-19. PMID:9406947. |
the m4 mrna was also found in striatal cholinergic interneurons, in the cholinergic reticular core of the upper brainstem, and in brainstem cholinergic motor neurons. |
1998-02-19 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| D Personett, K Sugaya, D Hammond, M Robbins, M McKinne. Use of capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection to assess messenger ribonucleic acid molecules amplified by the polymerase chain reaction: applications in the cloning of cells. Electrophoresis. vol 18. issue 10. 1998-02-06. PMID:9372266. |
these approaches were first validated using cultured sn56 (cholinergic) and n1e-115 (c-nos-positive) neuroblastoma cells, and with primary brainstem cultures. |
1998-02-06 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| H van Praag, I B Black, U V Stäubl. Neonatal vs. adult unilateral hippocampal lesions: differential alterations in contralateral hippocampal theta rhythm. Brain research. vol 768. issue 1-2. 1997-12-18. PMID:9369320. |
however, manipulations of ascending brainstem projections to hippocampus with drugs specific for serotonergic, noradrenergic and cholinergic receptors uncovered differences. |
1997-12-18 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| R Lydi. Reticular modulation of breathing during sleep and anesthesia. Current opinion in pulmonary medicine. vol 2. issue 6. 1997-12-02. PMID:9363188. |
recent work is selectively reviewed showing that brain stem cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons alter breathing while modulating behavioral states, muscle tone, cardiopulmonary control, and pain sensation. |
1997-12-02 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |