| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| G Sanches, A L Ventur. Inhibition of carbachol-induced inositol phosphate accumulation in the embryonic retina promoted by kainate and veratridine. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. vol 31. issue 7. 1998-10-20. PMID:9698758. |
in the present study, we report that low concentrations of the glutamate ionotropic agonist kainate decreased the turnover of [3h]-phosphoinositides ([3h]-insps) induced by muscarinic receptors in the chick embryonic retina. |
1998-10-20 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| M Tsacopoulos, C L Poitry-Yamate, P R MacLeish, S Poitr. Trafficking of molecules and metabolic signals in the retina. Progress in retinal and eye research. vol 17. issue 3. 1998-08-14. PMID:9695799. |
work on the model-system of the honeybee retina demonstrated that photoreceptors release nh4+ and glutamate in a stimulus-dependent manner which, in turn, contribute to the biosynthesis of alanine in glia. |
1998-08-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| J S Burgos, A Barat, D O Souza, G Ramíre. Guanine nucleotides protect against kainate toxicity in an ex vivo chick retinal preparation. FEBS letters. vol 430. issue 3. 1998-08-13. PMID:9688533. |
ex vivo preparations of chick neural retina have been successfully used in the assessment of excitotoxicity and in the evaluation of the protective effects of glutamate antagonists. |
1998-08-13 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| G Maguire, H Simko, R N Weinreb, G Ayou. Transport-mediated release of endogenous glutamate in the vertebrate retina. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology. vol 436. issue 3. 1998-08-12. PMID:9644233. |
transport-mediated release of endogenous glutamate in the vertebrate retina. |
1998-08-12 |
2023-08-12 |
zebrafish |
| G Maguire, H Simko, R N Weinreb, G Ayou. Transport-mediated release of endogenous glutamate in the vertebrate retina. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology. vol 436. issue 3. 1998-08-12. PMID:9644233. |
in the present study we measured calcium-dependent, vesicular glutamate release, and calcium-independent, transport-mediated glutamate release patterns in the vertebrate retina to better understand the sources of elevated glutamate in neural tissue under ischemic conditions. |
1998-08-12 |
2023-08-12 |
zebrafish |
| G Maguire, H Simko, R N Weinreb, G Ayou. Transport-mediated release of endogenous glutamate in the vertebrate retina. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology. vol 436. issue 3. 1998-08-12. PMID:9644233. |
in contrast, nifedipine, an inhibitor of calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release in the retina, failed to block the cloud of released glutamate in the ganglion cell layer. |
1998-08-12 |
2023-08-12 |
zebrafish |
| H Dreyfus, J Sahel, V Heidinger, S Mohand-Said, B Guérold, E Meuillet, V Fontaine, D Hick. Gangliosides and neurotrophic growth factors in the retina. Molecular interactions and applications as neuroprotective agents. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. vol 845. 1998-08-04. PMID:9668358. |
different experimental models are used to investigate their relevance to ischemic and excitotoxic conditions in the retina, and it is shown that (1) both bfgf and egf show very effective neuroprotection for rat retinal neurones exposed to toxic levels of glutamate or its nonphysiological agonist kainate in vitro; (2) gm1 (10(-5m) used under the same conditions does not afford protection; (3) retinal glial cells also suffer morphological perturbations following glutamate or kainate treatment, but this effect is dependent on neuron-glial interactions, indicating the existence of intermediate neuron-derived messenger molecules; (4) these glial changes can be corrected by posttreatment with either bfgf or egf in vitro; (5) using an in vivo animal model involving anterior chamber pressure-induced ischemia in adult rats, it is shown that either pretreatment by intraperitoneal injection of gm1, or posttreatment by intraocular injection of the same ganglioside, reduces significantly histological damage to inner nuclear regions; and (6) in cultured retinal müller glial cells the existence of molecular and metabolic interactions between both types of trophic factors is demonstrated. |
1998-08-04 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| I L Ferreira, C B Duarte, A R Neves, A P Carvalh. Culture medium components modulate retina cell damage induced by glutamate, kainate or "chemical ischemia". Neurochemistry international. vol 32. issue 4. 1998-07-29. PMID:9596563. |
culture medium components modulate retina cell damage induced by glutamate, kainate or "chemical ischemia". |
1998-07-29 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| I L Ferreira, C B Duarte, A R Neves, A P Carvalh. Culture medium components modulate retina cell damage induced by glutamate, kainate or "chemical ischemia". Neurochemistry international. vol 32. issue 4. 1998-07-29. PMID:9596563. |
excitotoxic conditions were obtained by incubating retina cells with glutamate or kainate and "chemical ischemia" was induced by metabolic inhibition. |
1998-07-29 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| I L Ferreira, C B Duarte, A R Neves, A P Carvalh. Culture medium components modulate retina cell damage induced by glutamate, kainate or "chemical ischemia". Neurochemistry international. vol 32. issue 4. 1998-07-29. PMID:9596563. |
stimulation of retina cells with glutamate or kainate in serum deprived culture medium (bme-fcs), lead to a decrease in the mtt metabolism that was dependent on the time of exposure to the toxic agents. |
1998-07-29 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| I L Ferreira, C B Duarte, A R Neves, A P Carvalh. Culture medium components modulate retina cell damage induced by glutamate, kainate or "chemical ischemia". Neurochemistry international. vol 32. issue 4. 1998-07-29. PMID:9596563. |
ccm protected retina cells against both the acute and the delayed toxicity induced by either glutamate or kainate, or by "chemical ischemia", when present during both the insult and the recovery period. |
1998-07-29 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| J H Brandstätter, P Koulen, H Wässl. Diversity of glutamate receptors in the mammalian retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667006. |
diversity of glutamate receptors in the mammalian retina. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| J H Brandstätter, P Koulen, H Wässl. Diversity of glutamate receptors in the mammalian retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667006. |
the main neurotransmitters in the vertebrate retina are glutamate, gaba and glycine. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| J H Brandstätter, P Koulen, H Wässl. Diversity of glutamate receptors in the mammalian retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667006. |
this article will concentrate on glutamate receptors with the intention of reviewing some of the recent data on glutamate receptor expression in the mammalian retina and their possible involvement in retinal function. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| W Lo, R Molloy, T E Hughe. Ionotropic glutamate receptors in the retina: moving from molecules to circuits. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667007. |
ionotropic glutamate receptors in the retina: moving from molecules to circuits. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| S Eliasof, J L Arriza, B H Leighton, S G Amara, M P Kavanaug. Localization and function of five glutamate transporters cloned from the salamander retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667010. |
localization and function of five glutamate transporters cloned from the salamander retina. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S Eliasof, J L Arriza, B H Leighton, S G Amara, M P Kavanaug. Localization and function of five glutamate transporters cloned from the salamander retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667010. |
glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate retina. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S Eliasof, J L Arriza, B H Leighton, S G Amara, M P Kavanaug. Localization and function of five glutamate transporters cloned from the salamander retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667010. |
native glutamate transporters have been well characterized in several retinal neurons, particularly from the salamander retina. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S Eliasof, J L Arriza, B H Leighton, S G Amara, M P Kavanaug. Localization and function of five glutamate transporters cloned from the salamander retina. Vision research. vol 38. issue 10. 1998-07-27. PMID:9667010. |
we have cloned five distinct glutamate transporters from the salamander retina and examined their localization and functional properties: seaat1, seeaat2a, seaat2b, seaat5a and seaat5b. |
1998-07-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| L Carter-Dawson, F Shen, R S Harwerth, E L Smith, M L Crawford, A Chuan. Glutamine immunoreactivity in Müller cells of monkey eyes with experimental glaucoma. Experimental eye research. vol 66. issue 5. 1998-07-24. PMID:9628801. |
the action of glutamate in retina is largely terminated through rapid uptake by müller cells and subsequent conversion primarily to glutamine. |
1998-07-24 |
2023-08-12 |
monkey |