| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| T Iijima, C Iijima, Y Iwao, H Sankaw. Difference in glutamate release between retina and cerebral cortex following ischemia. Neurochemistry international. vol 36. issue 3. 2000-03-02. PMID:10676856. |
immediately after the start of reperfusion, the glutamate concentration in the cortex decreased rapidly to 101 +/- 27 microm, but that in the retina increased gradually to almost the control level (148 +/- 204 microm). |
2000-03-02 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T Iijima, C Iijima, Y Iwao, H Sankaw. Difference in glutamate release between retina and cerebral cortex following ischemia. Neurochemistry international. vol 36. issue 3. 2000-03-02. PMID:10676856. |
in conclusion, glutamate release in the retina does not proceed as rapidly as that in the cerebral cortex during 20 min of ischemia, and in fact decreases. |
2000-03-02 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| S Yazulla, K M Studholm. Co-localization of Shaker A-type K+ channel (Kv1.4) and AMPA-glutamate receptor (GluR4) immunoreactivities to dendrites of OFF-bipolar cells of goldfish retina. Journal of neurocytology. vol 28. issue 1. 2000-02-25. PMID:10573608. |
immunocytochemical methods were used to determine the comparative distribution of shaker kv1.4 and shal kv4.2 a-type voltage-gated k(+) channels and ampa-type glur4 glutamate receptors in the goldfish retina. |
2000-02-25 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Y Shen, Y Zhou, X L Yan. Characterization of AMPA receptors on isolated amacrine-like cells in carp retina. The European journal of neuroscience. vol 11. issue 12. 2000-02-10. PMID:10594649. |
in amacrine-like cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we recorded whole-cell responses to rapid application of glutamate and kainate. |
2000-02-10 |
2023-08-12 |
xenopus_laevis |
| I Hack, L Peichl, J H Brandstätte. An alternative pathway for rod signals in the rodent retina: rod photoreceptors, cone bipolar cells, and the localization of glutamate receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. vol 96. issue 24. 2000-01-06. PMID:10570210. |
an alternative pathway for rod signals in the rodent retina: rod photoreceptors, cone bipolar cells, and the localization of glutamate receptors. |
2000-01-06 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| I Hack, L Peichl, J H Brandstätte. An alternative pathway for rod signals in the rodent retina: rod photoreceptors, cone bipolar cells, and the localization of glutamate receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. vol 96. issue 24. 2000-01-06. PMID:10570210. |
we have studied the distribution of (rs)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (ampa) glutamate receptor subunits at the synapses in the outer plexiform layer of the rodent retina by immunoelectron microscopy and serial section reconstruction. |
2000-01-06 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| I Hack, L Peichl, J H Brandstätte. An alternative pathway for rod signals in the rodent retina: rod photoreceptors, cone bipolar cells, and the localization of glutamate receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. vol 96. issue 24. 2000-01-06. PMID:10570210. |
thus, in the retina of mouse and rat, an alternative pathway for rod signals exists, where rod photoreceptors bypass the rod bipolar cell and directly excite off-cone bipolar cells through an ionotropic sign-conserving ampa glutamate receptor. |
2000-01-06 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| P Qin, R G Pourch. AMPA-selective glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR4 in the cat retina: an immunocytochemical study. Visual neuroscience. vol 16. issue 6. 2000-01-05. PMID:10614590. |
ampa-selective glutamate receptor subunits glur2 and glur4 in the cat retina: an immunocytochemical study. |
2000-01-05 |
2023-08-12 |
cat |
| P Qin, R G Pourch. AMPA-selective glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR4 in the cat retina: an immunocytochemical study. Visual neuroscience. vol 16. issue 6. 2000-01-05. PMID:10614590. |
ampa-selective glutamate receptors play a major role in glutamatergic neurotransmission in the retina and are expressed in a variety of neuronal subpopulations. |
2000-01-05 |
2023-08-12 |
cat |
| G A Napper, M Kalloniati. Neurochemical changes following postmortem ischemia in the rat retina. Visual neuroscience. vol 16. issue 6. 2000-01-05. PMID:10614596. |
glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) are the dominant amino acids in the retina and brain. |
2000-01-05 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| G A Napper, M Kalloniati. Neurochemical changes following postmortem ischemia in the rat retina. Visual neuroscience. vol 16. issue 6. 2000-01-05. PMID:10614596. |
postmortem ischemia in mammalian retina predominantly results in a loss of glutamate and gaba from neurons and accumulation of these amino acids within müller cells. |
2000-01-05 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| G A Napper, M Kalloniati. Neurochemical changes following postmortem ischemia in the rat retina. Visual neuroscience. vol 16. issue 6. 2000-01-05. PMID:10614596. |
these findings provide evidence that, in the rat retina, there are multiple pathways subserving glutamate production/degradation that include a multitude of transamination reactions. |
2000-01-05 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| W B Thoreson, P Witkovsk. Glutamate receptors and circuits in the vertebrate retina. Progress in retinal and eye research. vol 18. issue 6. 1999-12-07. PMID:10530751. |
glutamate receptors and circuits in the vertebrate retina. |
1999-12-07 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| W B Thoreson, P Witkovsk. Glutamate receptors and circuits in the vertebrate retina. Progress in retinal and eye research. vol 18. issue 6. 1999-12-07. PMID:10530751. |
the physiological and molecular properties of glutamate receptors in the retina are reviewed in relation to what has been learned from studies of glutamate function in other brain areas and in expression systems. |
1999-12-07 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| W B Thoreson, P Witkovsk. Glutamate receptors and circuits in the vertebrate retina. Progress in retinal and eye research. vol 18. issue 6. 1999-12-07. PMID:10530751. |
we have focused on (a) the evidence for the presence of l-glutamate in retinal neurons, (b) the processes by which glutamate is released, (c) the presence and function of ionotropic receptors for l-glutamate in retinal neurons, (d) the presence and function of metabotropic receptors for l-glutamate in retinal neurons, and (e) the variety and distribution of glutamate transporters in the vertebrate retina. |
1999-12-07 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| M Kalloniatis, G Tomisic. Amino acid neurochemistry of the vertebrate retina. Progress in retinal and eye research. vol 18. issue 6. 1999-12-07. PMID:10530752. |
the dominant neurochemicals involved in encoding sensory information are the amino acid neurotransmitters, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyrate (gaba) and glycine, which mediate fast point-to-point synaptic transmission in the retina and other parts of the central nervous system. |
1999-12-07 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| H Pasantes-Morales, L D Ochoa de la Paz, J Sepúlveda, O Quesad. Amino acids as osmolytes in the retina. Neurochemical research. vol 24. issue 11. 1999-11-24. PMID:10555773. |
in this work we examined the efflux of labelled gaba, taurine and glutamate (traced as d-aspartate) from the chick retina, after isosmotic swelling evoked by kcl-containing solutions, and compared its features to those in hyposmotic swelling. |
1999-11-24 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |
| R E Mistlberger, M C Antl. Neonatal monosodium glutamate alters circadian organization of feeding, food anticipatory activity and photic masking in the rat. Brain research. vol 842. issue 1. 1999-11-19. PMID:10526097. |
in rodents, parenteral administration of monosodium glutamate (msg) induces marked degeneration of the retina and arcuate nucleus (an) and disrupts daily rhythms of food intake. |
1999-11-19 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| J J López-Costa, J Goldstein, J Pecci-Saavedra, V M Della Maggiore, M A De Las Heras, M I Sarmiento, R E Rosenstei. GABA release mechanism in the golden hamster retina. The International journal of neuroscience. vol 98. issue 1-2. 1999-10-26. PMID:10395361. |
high k+ medium and glutamate elicited a significant [3h]-gaba release in the golden hamster retina. |
1999-10-26 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| F Kawa. Characterization of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents in newt retinal bipolar cells. Neuroscience letters. vol 271. issue 1. 1999-10-19. PMID:10471211. |
to elucidate peak concentration of glutamate released from a single vesicle in the cleft, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sepscs) in off-bipolar cells from the sliced newt retina were analyzed using whole-cell patch clamp recording and the computer simulation. |
1999-10-19 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |