| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| Yuki Anzai, Masaharu Hayashi, Tatsuo Ohya, Shumpei Yokot. The pedunculopontine nucleus in developmental disorders of the basal ganglia. Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology. vol 28. issue 3. 2008-09-09. PMID:18194143. |
the pedunculopontine nucleus (ppn), which is located in the upper brainstem, contains cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons, and has afferent and efferent connections to the basal ganglia and spinal cord. |
2008-09-09 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| N Maolood, B Meiste. Dynorphin in pro-opiomelanocortin neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Neuroscience. vol 154. issue 3. 2008-08-29. PMID:18479830. |
brainstem pomc neurons in the commissural part of the solitary tract nucleus (nts) were devoid of dyn immunoreactivity, whereas dyn immunoreactivity was detected in a few npy-containing nts neurons and cholinergic dmx neurons. |
2008-08-29 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Juan Mena-Segovia, Hana M Sims, Peter J Magill, J Paul Bola. Cholinergic brainstem neurons modulate cortical gamma activity during slow oscillations. The Journal of physiology. vol 586. issue 12. 2008-08-21. PMID:18440991. |
cholinergic brainstem neurons modulate cortical gamma activity during slow oscillations. |
2008-08-21 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Juan Mena-Segovia, Hana M Sims, Peter J Magill, J Paul Bola. Cholinergic brainstem neurons modulate cortical gamma activity during slow oscillations. The Journal of physiology. vol 586. issue 12. 2008-08-21. PMID:18440991. |
cholinergic neurons in the rostral brainstem, including the pedunculopontine nucleus (ppn), are critical for switching behavioural state from sleep to wakefulness, and their presumed inactivity during sleep is thought to promote slow cortical rhythms that are characteristic of this state. |
2008-08-21 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Juan Mena-Segovia, Hana M Sims, Peter J Magill, J Paul Bola. Cholinergic brainstem neurons modulate cortical gamma activity during slow oscillations. The Journal of physiology. vol 586. issue 12. 2008-08-21. PMID:18440991. |
however, it is possible that the diminished activity of cholinergic brainstem neurons during slow-wave sleep continues to have a functional impact upon ongoing cortical activity. |
2008-08-21 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Luis de Lecea, Patrice Bourgi. Neuropeptide interactions and REM sleep: a role for Urotensin II? Peptides. vol 29. issue 5. 2008-08-12. PMID:18406008. |
in the brain, the uii receptor can be detected in the spinal cord and in cholinergic nuclei in the brainstem known to be involved in rem sleep regulation. |
2008-08-12 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Barbara E Jone. Modulation of cortical activation and behavioral arousal by cholinergic and orexinergic systems. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. vol 1129. 2008-07-18. PMID:18591466. |
using acetylcholine, cholinergic neurons in the brainstem project to forebrain relays and others in the basal forebrain to the cortex, by which they stimulate fast gamma activity during waking and during rapid eye movement or paradoxical sleep (ps). |
2008-07-18 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Ronald Szymusiak, Dennis McGint. Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and arousal. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. vol 1129. 2008-07-18. PMID:18591488. |
these include monoaminergic neurons in the brainstem and posterior hypothalamus, cholinergic neurons in the brainstem and basal forebrain, and hypocretin (orexin) neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. |
2008-07-18 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Niladri Basu, Anton M Scheuhammer, Kirsti Rouvinen-Watt, R Douglas Evans, Nicole Grochowina, Laurie H M Cha. The effects of mercury on muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtypes (M1 and M2) in captive mink. Neurotoxicology. vol 29. issue 2. 2008-06-05. PMID:18295336. |
a combination of in vitro (competitive binding assays) and in vivo (tissues from animals exposed to dietary methyl mercury, mehg) experimental procedures was employed to assess the effects of mercury (mehg, hgcl(2)) on the two-key muscarinic cholinergic (mach) receptor subtypes (m1, m2) in two brain regions (occipital cortex, brain stem) of captive mink (mustela vison). |
2008-06-05 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Olga V Poisik, Jian-xin Shen, Susan Jones, Jerrel L Yake. Functional alpha7-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors localize to cell bodies and proximal dendrites in the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata. The Journal of physiology. vol 586. issue 5. 2008-06-05. PMID:18310132. |
the snr is reciprocally connected with the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (ppn) in the brainstem, which provides cholinergic innervation to most bg nuclei. |
2008-06-05 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| C Varela, S Murray Sherma. Differences in response to muscarinic activation between first and higher order thalamic relays. Journal of neurophysiology. vol 98. issue 6. 2008-03-05. PMID:17942627. |
because activation of cholinergic brain stem afferents to thalamus increases with increasing behavioral vigilance, the findings suggest that increased vigilance will depolarize all first order and most higher order relay cells but will hyperpolarize a significant subset of higher order relay cells. |
2008-03-05 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Pierre Campo, Katy Magui. Solvent-induced hearing loss: mechanisms and prevention strategy. International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health. vol 20. issue 3. 2008-02-21. PMID:17932016. |
it is likely that toluene affects the cholinergic receptors at the brainstem level. |
2008-02-21 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Patrick M Fuller, Clifford B Saper, Jun L. The pontine REM switch: past and present. The Journal of physiology. vol 584. issue Pt 3. 2008-01-09. PMID:17884926. |
for the past 30 years, the most widely accepted neural circuitry model for the regulation of rem sleep has emphasized reciprocal inhibitory interactions between pontine brainstem monoaminergic and cholinergic neurons. |
2008-01-09 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Patrick M Fuller, Clifford B Saper, Jun L. The pontine REM switch: past and present. The Journal of physiology. vol 584. issue Pt 3. 2008-01-09. PMID:17884926. |
it has nevertheless proven difficult to reconcile both the theoretical framework of this model and the pharmacological data with the fact that selective lesions of either cholinergic or monoaminergic (noradrenergic, serotoninergic or dopaminergic) nuclei in the brainstem have relatively limited effects on rem sleep. |
2008-01-09 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Jesús M López, Ruth Morona, Nerea Moreno, Laura Domínguez, Agustín Gonzále. Origins of spinal cholinergic pathways in amphibians demonstrated by retrograde transport and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. Neuroscience letters. vol 425. issue 2. 2007-12-14. PMID:17822845. |
the present results in amphibians contrast with previous data in mammals in which is striking the presence of a widespread intrinsic cholinergic innervation of the spinal cord and the virtual absence of cholinergic projections descending from the brainstem. |
2007-12-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Carla Marini, Renzo Guerrin. The role of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in sleep-related epilepsy. Biochemical pharmacology. vol 74. issue 8. 2007-11-06. PMID:17662253. |
in vitro and in vivo studies have shown high density of nachrs in the thalamus, over activated brainstem ascending cholinergic pathway and enhanced gabaergic function, reinforcing the hypothesis that cortico-subcortical networks, regulating arousal from sleep, play a central role in seizure precipitation in adnfle. |
2007-11-06 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Huseyin A Sahin, Murat Emre, Iryna Ziabreva, Elaine Perry, Bulent Celasun, Robert Perr. The distribution pattern of pathology and cholinergic deficits in amygdaloid complex in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Acta neuropathologica. vol 111. issue 2. 2007-10-30. PMID:16468020. |
cholinergic deficits were more prominent in the nuclei of basolateral (bl) group in ad, whereas the nuclei of both bl and corticomedial groups were involved in dlb, which may be due to the involvement of both basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic nuclei in the latter. |
2007-10-30 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Stefan M Brudzynsk. Ultrasonic calls of rats as indicator variables of negative or positive states: acetylcholine-dopamine interaction and acoustic coding. Behavioural brain research. vol 182. issue 2. 2007-10-26. PMID:17467067. |
the basic states and their correlates are initiated, integrated, and maintained by activity of the subsets of the ascending cholinergic and dopaminergic systems originating from the reticular brainstem core. |
2007-10-26 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T Tsutsumi, T Houtani, K Toida, M Kase, T Yamashita, K Ishimura, T Sugimot. Vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunoreactive axon terminals enriched in the pontine nuclei of the mouse. Neuroscience. vol 146. issue 4. 2007-10-25. PMID:17462828. |
in the mouse brain, immunoreactivity was seen in almost all major cholinergic cell groups including brainstem motoneurons. |
2007-10-25 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Alvaro Duque, James M Tepper, Laszlo Detari, Giorgio A Ascoli, Laszlo Zaborszk. Morphological characterization of electrophysiologically and immunohistochemically identified basal forebrain cholinergic and neuropeptide Y-containing neurons. Brain structure & function. vol 212. issue 1. 2007-10-17. PMID:17717698. |
the presence of local axon collaterals in both cholinergic and npy neurons indicates that the bf is not a mere conduit for various brainstem inputs to the cortex, but a site where substantial local processing must take place. |
2007-10-17 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |