| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| P G Shields, C Lerman, J Audrain, E D Bowman, D Main, N R Boyd, N E Caporas. Dopamine D4 receptors and the risk of cigarette smoking in African-Americans and Caucasians. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. vol 7. issue 6. 1998-08-31. PMID:9641486. |
people smoke cigarettes to maintain nicotine levels in the body, and nicotine has been implicated in the stimulation of brain reward mechanisms via central neuronal dopaminergic pathways. |
1998-08-31 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| F J Whit. Nicotine addiction and the lure of reward. Nature medicine. vol 4. issue 6. 1998-06-26. PMID:9623965. |
nicotine addiction and the lure of reward. |
1998-06-26 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| R Wise, C Marcangione, P Bauc. Blockade of the reward-potentiating effects of nicotine on lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation by chlorisondamine. Synapse (New York, N.Y.). vol 29. issue 1. 1998-06-12. PMID:9552176. |
that the treatment regimen was sufficient to block nicotinic receptors in the reward system was confirmed by the fact that it completely blocked the ability of normally effective nicotine to potentiate the rewarding effects of stimulation (shift this function to the left). |
1998-06-12 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| R Wise, C Marcangione, P Bauc. Blockade of the reward-potentiating effects of nicotine on lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation by chlorisondamine. Synapse (New York, N.Y.). vol 29. issue 1. 1998-06-12. PMID:9552176. |
these data add evidence that the direct, endogenous cholinergic contribution to brain stimulation reward is muscarinic and fit with other evidence that the potentiation of brain stimulation reward by exogenous nicotine involves actions on nicotinic receptors native to dopaminergic neurons. |
1998-06-12 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| S al-Adawi, J Powel. The influence of smoking on reward responsiveness and cognitive functions: a natural experiment. Addiction (Abingdon, England). vol 92. issue 12. 1998-05-27. PMID:9581009. |
to investigate the effects of (a) nicotine abstinence and (b) cigarette smoking after abstinence, on reward responsiveness and cognitive functions which are putatively dependent on activity in the dopaminergic system implicated in smoking. |
1998-05-27 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| M P Epping-Jordan, S S Watkins, G F Koob, A Marko. Dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal. Nature. vol 393. issue 6680. 1998-05-27. PMID:9590692. |
dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal. |
1998-05-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| M P Epping-Jordan, S S Watkins, G F Koob, A Marko. Dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal. Nature. vol 393. issue 6680. 1998-05-27. PMID:9590692. |
we show here that spontaneous nicotine withdrawal in rats resulted in a significant decrease in brain reward function, as measured by elevations in brain reward thresholds, which persisted for four days. |
1998-05-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| M P Epping-Jordan, S S Watkins, G F Koob, A Marko. Dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal. Nature. vol 393. issue 6680. 1998-05-27. PMID:9590692. |
the decreased function in brain reward systems during nicotine withdrawal is comparable in magnitude and duration to that of other major drugs of abuse, and may constitute an important motivational factor that contributes to craving, relapse and continued tobacco consumption in humans. |
1998-05-27 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S Ivanová, A J Greensha. Nicotine-induced decreases in VTA electrical self-stimulation thresholds: blockade by haloperidol and mecamylamine but not scopolamine or ondansetron. Psychopharmacology. vol 134. issue 2. 1998-01-09. PMID:9399383. |
these data are consistent with the proposal that repeated daily injections of nicotine positively effect a mesolimbic dopaminergic substrate of reward. |
1998-01-09 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| J E Rose, W A Corrigal. Nicotine self-administration in animals and humans: similarities and differences. Psychopharmacology. vol 130. issue 1. 1997-07-18. PMID:9089846. |
the mesolimbic dopamine pathway has been implicated in nicotine reward based on animal studies, and research with humans suggests a role for dopaminergic processes as well. |
1997-07-18 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| R A Wis. Neurobiology of addiction. Current opinion in neurobiology. vol 6. issue 2. 1996-12-16. PMID:8725967. |
recent advances in our understanding of the chemical 'trigger zones' in which individual drugs of abuse initiate their habit-forming actions have revealed that such disparate drugs as heroin, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, phencyclidine, and cannabis activate common reward circuitry in the brain. |
1996-12-16 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| S Dawe, C Gerada, M A Russell, J A Gra. Nicotine intake in smokers increases following a single dose of haloperidol. Psychopharmacology. vol 117. issue 1. 1995-05-25. PMID:7724695. |
these findings may be interpreted to reflect a compensatory increase in smoking in order to obtain the usual nicotine reward. |
1995-05-25 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S Dawe, C Gerada, M A Russell, J A Gra. Nicotine intake in smokers increases following a single dose of haloperidol. Psychopharmacology. vol 117. issue 1. 1995-05-25. PMID:7724695. |
having achieved usual levels of reward, subjects did not experience a decrease in subjective measures of smoking satisfaction or an increase in nicotine craving. |
1995-05-25 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| E P Noble, S T St Jeor, T Ritchie, K Syndulko, S C St Jeor, R J Fitch, R L Brunner, R S Sparke. D2 dopamine receptor gene and cigarette smoking: a reward gene? Medical hypotheses. vol 42. issue 4. 1994-09-26. PMID:8072432. |
in as much as alcohol, cocaine, opiates, nicotine and food are known to increase brain dopamine levels and activate the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic reward pathways of the brain, it is hypothesized that an inherited deficit of d2 dopamine receptor numbers in brain reward areas of a1 allelic subject predisposes them to substance abuse problems. |
1994-09-26 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| E D Levin, E C Westman, R M Stein, E Carnahan, M Sanchez, S Herman, F M Behm, J E Ros. Nicotine skin patch treatment increases abstinence, decreases withdrawal symptoms, and attenuates rewarding effects of smoking. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. vol 14. issue 1. 1994-05-06. PMID:8151002. |
the nicotine skin patch may improve smoking cessation rates both by reducing nicotine withdrawal effects and by reducing the reward of slips back to smoking. |
1994-05-06 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| D Huston-Lyons, M Sarkar, C Kornetsk. Nicotine and brain-stimulation reward: interactions with morphine, amphetamine and pimozide. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. vol 46. issue 2. 1994-01-27. PMID:8265701. |
nicotine and brain-stimulation reward: interactions with morphine, amphetamine and pimozide. |
1994-01-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| D Huston-Lyons, M Sarkar, C Kornetsk. Nicotine and brain-stimulation reward: interactions with morphine, amphetamine and pimozide. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. vol 46. issue 2. 1994-01-27. PMID:8265701. |
pimozide at doses that have no effect on performance and only minimal effect on brain-stimulation reward blocked the effect of nicotine. |
1994-01-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| D Huston-Lyons, M Sarkar, C Kornetsk. Nicotine and brain-stimulation reward: interactions with morphine, amphetamine and pimozide. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. vol 46. issue 2. 1994-01-27. PMID:8265701. |
these data suggest that the same dopaminergic substrate that supports the positive reinforcing effects of other drugs of abuse also supports nicotine reward. |
1994-01-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| J A Rosecrans, L D Kara. Neurobehavioral mechanisms of nicotine action: role in the initiation and maintenance of tobacco dependence. Journal of substance abuse treatment. vol 10. issue 2. 1993-07-15. PMID:8510190. |
nicotine therefore appears to be able to affect a variety of neuronal pathways involved in behavioral reward and arousal processes, which appear paramount to tobacco dependence. |
1993-07-15 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| D Huston-Lyons, C Kornetsk. Effects of nicotine on the threshold for rewarding brain stimulation in rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. vol 41. issue 4. 1992-06-30. PMID:1594644. |
the rewarding effects of nicotine alone and nicotine challenged with mecamylamine, a nicotine receptor blocker, or naloxone were determined using a rate-independent discrete-trial threshold measure of brain-stimulation reward in rats. |
1992-06-30 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |