| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| Cheng Zhang, Mark O M Ts. Characterization of activated retinal microglia following optic axotomy. Journal of neuroscience research. vol 73. issue 6. 2003-10-14. PMID:12949910. |
microglia are prominently involved in neural degenerative diseases of the cns and the retina. |
2003-10-14 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Andrew D Dick, Debra Carter, Morag Robertson, Cathryn Broderick, Edward Hughes, John V Forrester, Janet Liversidg. Control of myeloid activity during retinal inflammation. Journal of leukocyte biology. vol 74. issue 2. 2003-09-09. PMID:12885931. |
success is dependent on response of the resident myeloid-cell populations [microglia (mg)] to activation signals, commonly cytokines, and the control of infiltrating macrophage activation during inflammation, both of which appear highly programmed in normal and inflamed retina. |
2003-09-09 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| E Raibon, Y Sauvé, D A Carter, F Gaillar. Microglial changes accompanying the promotion of retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration into peripheral nerve grafts. Journal of neurocytology. vol 31. issue 1. 2003-05-27. PMID:12652088. |
intravitreal injection of the microglia inhibitor tuftsin 1-3 leads to an increase in retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration into peripheral nerve grafts and a decrease in phagocytic cells in the retina. |
2003-05-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| E Raibon, Y Sauvé, D A Carter, F Gaillar. Microglial changes accompanying the promotion of retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration into peripheral nerve grafts. Journal of neurocytology. vol 31. issue 1. 2003-05-27. PMID:12652088. |
preservation within the retina of a higher proportion of resting over active form of microglia, and not the prevention of microglial proliferation per se, may be a crucial factor in allowing additional retinal ganglion cell axons to regenerate into peripheral nerve grafts. |
2003-05-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| D A Carter, A D Dic. Lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma and not transforming growth factor beta inhibits retinal microglial migration from retinal explant. The British journal of ophthalmology. vol 87. issue 4. 2003-05-23. PMID:12642315. |
/aims: the retina possesses a rich network of cd45(+) positive myeloid derived cells that both surround inner retinal vessels and lie within the retina (microglia). |
2003-05-23 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Edward H Hughes, Frank C Schlichtenbrede, Conor C Murphy, Gian-Marco Sarra, Philip J Luthert, Robin R Ali, Andrew D Dic. Generation of activated sialoadhesin-positive microglia during retinal degeneration. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. vol 44. issue 5. 2003-05-19. PMID:12714665. |
the retina contains a rich network of myeloid-derived cells (microglia) within the retinal parenchyma and surrounding vessels. |
2003-05-19 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Ling Chen, Peizeng Yang, Aize Kijlstr. Distribution, markers, and functions of retinal microglia. Ocular immunology and inflammation. vol 10. issue 1. 2003-02-04. PMID:12461701. |
retinal microglia originate from hemopoietic cells and invade the retina from the retinal margin and the optic disc, most likely via the blood vessels of the ciliary body and iris, and the retinal vasculature, respectively. |
2003-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Ling Chen, Peizeng Yang, Aize Kijlstr. Distribution, markers, and functions of retinal microglia. Ocular immunology and inflammation. vol 10. issue 1. 2003-02-04. PMID:12461701. |
they differentiate into ramified parenchymal microglia in the adult retina. |
2003-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Ling Chen, Peizeng Yang, Aize Kijlstr. Distribution, markers, and functions of retinal microglia. Ocular immunology and inflammation. vol 10. issue 1. 2003-02-04. PMID:12461701. |
microglia are distributed in the outer plexiform layer (opl), outer nuclear layer (onl), inner plexiform layer (ipl), ganglion cell layer (gcl), and nerve fiber layer (nfl) of the primate retina. |
2003-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Ling Chen, Peizeng Yang, Aize Kijlstr. Distribution, markers, and functions of retinal microglia. Ocular immunology and inflammation. vol 10. issue 1. 2003-02-04. PMID:12461701. |
the pattern of microglial distribution in the avascular retina of the quail indicates that blood vessels are not responsible for the final location of microglia in the retina. |
2003-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Ling Chen, Peizeng Yang, Aize Kijlstr. Distribution, markers, and functions of retinal microglia. Ocular immunology and inflammation. vol 10. issue 1. 2003-02-04. PMID:12461701. |
in the human retina, microglia express mhc class i, mhc class ii, cd45, cd68, and s22 markers. |
2003-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Ling Chen, Peizeng Yang, Aize Kijlstr. Distribution, markers, and functions of retinal microglia. Ocular immunology and inflammation. vol 10. issue 1. 2003-02-04. PMID:12461701. |
in the rat and mouse retina, ox41, ox42, ox3, ox6, ox18, ed1, mac-1, f4/80, 5d4 anti-keratan sulfate, and lectins are used to recognize microglia. |
2003-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Arthur H Neufeld, Shin ichiro Kawai, Sucharita Das, Smita Vora, Elizabeth Gachie, Jane R Connor, Pamela T Mannin. Loss of retinal ganglion cells following retinal ischemia: the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Experimental eye research. vol 75. issue 5. 2002-12-13. PMID:12457864. |
between 7 and 14 days post-ischemia, there were few hematogenous cells in the retina but nos-2 was sparsely detectable in microglia and other cells of the inner retina. |
2002-12-13 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Takayuki Harada, Chikako Harada, Shinichi Kohsaka, Etsuko Wada, Kazuhiko Yoshida, Shigeaki Ohno, Hiroshi Mamada, Kohichi Tanaka, Luis F Parada, Keiji Wad. Microglia-Müller glia cell interactions control neurotrophic factor production during light-induced retinal degeneration. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. vol 22. issue 21. 2002-11-25. PMID:12417648. |
in such a light-reared retina, we found that activated microglia invade the degenerating photoreceptor layer and alter expression of neurotrophic factors such as nerve growth factor (ngf), ciliary neurotrophic factor (cntf), and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf). |
2002-11-25 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Won-Kyu Ju, Arthur H Neufel. Cellular localization of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in the normal mouse, rat, and human retina. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 452. issue 4. 2002-11-15. PMID:12355421. |
in the normal mouse retina, cox-1 immunoreactivity is present in the outer segments of photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, microglia, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. |
2002-11-15 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Won-Kyu Ju, Arthur H Neufel. Cellular localization of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in the normal mouse, rat, and human retina. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 452. issue 4. 2002-11-15. PMID:12355421. |
in the normal rat retina, cox-1 immunoreactivity is present in microglia, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. |
2002-11-15 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Won-Kyu Ju, Arthur H Neufel. Cellular localization of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in the normal mouse, rat, and human retina. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 452. issue 4. 2002-11-15. PMID:12355421. |
in the normal human retina, cox-1 immunoreactivity is present in microglia, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. |
2002-11-15 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| J Wayne Streilein, Naili Ma, Hartmut Wenkel, Tat Fong Ng, Parisa Zamir. Immunobiology and privilege of neuronal retina and pigment epithelium transplants. Vision research. vol 42. issue 4. 2002-04-29. PMID:11853765. |
we report that (1) the srs is an immune privileged site; (2) neonatal rpe is an immune privileged tissue; (3) neuronal retina is a partially immune privileged tissue; and (4) microglia within neonatal neural retina grafts promote photoreceptor differentiation, become activated, and induce sensitization of the recipient and serve as targets of immune rejection. |
2002-04-29 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| J M Provi. Development of the primate retinal vasculature. Progress in retinal and eye research. vol 20. issue 6. 2002-02-04. PMID:11587918. |
the retinal vascular complex comprises a number of cell types, in addition to vascular endothelial cells, including pericytes, microglia, astrocytes-none of which is intrinsic to the retina. |
2002-02-04 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| P Herbomel, B Thisse, C Thiss. Zebrafish early macrophages colonize cephalic mesenchyme and developing brain, retina, and epidermis through a M-CSF receptor-dependent invasive process. Developmental biology. vol 238. issue 2. 2002-01-23. PMID:11784010. |
at 60 h post-fertilization, all macrophages in the brain and retina undergo a specific phenotypic transformation, into "early (amoeboid) microglia": they become more highly endocytic, they down-regulate the l-plastin gene, and abruptly start expressing high levels of apolipoprotein e, a well-known neurotrophic lipid carrier. |
2002-01-23 |
2023-08-12 |
zebrafish |